What do you think of dividing readings into Essential and Further readings? i.e. Read this, Skim through that?
300 Level Class
2 hrs Lecture (1 hr professor lecturing, 1 hr discussion), up to 3hrs Lab each week
Assignments & Grading:
10% Leading Discussion for Articles
25% Participation, Attendance and Reading Responses submitted on blackboard/blog
25% Mid-term Paper on a specific site, reporting the remains and analysis of the artifacts found there (5-7 pages)
30% Final Paper examining regional, cultural themes/trade networks from chosen site’s culture of origin (7-10 pages)
10% Small metal replica (or approved experimentation of a relevant process) of object from culture discussed in papers and Journal documenting the process of its production
(5% of which to be awarded upon completion of design)
WEEK 1
Lecture: Introduction
Lab: Visit the College Collections to view the metal artifacts
Reading:
Pare, C. F. E., Ed. (2000). Metals Make the World go Round: the Supply and Circulation of Metals in Bronze Age Europe: Proceedings of a Conference held at the University of Birmingham in June 1997. New York, Oxbow.
WEEK 2
Lecture: Mining and Ancient Ore Deposits, Etc.
Lab: Geology Guest Speaker Mineral/Ore ID lab (worksheet)
WEEK 3
Lecture: Processing and Smelting
Lab: Chemistry Department Smelting Guest Speaker
WEEK 4
Lecture: Casting in Antiquity
Lab: Canceled to make up for field trip to Mine on Saturday
WEEK 5
Lecture: Interpreting Archaeological Remains of Ancient Mining and Production Sites
Lab: Chemistry Department Lead Isotope Analysis Guest Speaker
Reading:
Budd, P., R. Haggerty, A. M. Pollard, B. Scaife, and R. G. Thomas. 1996. “Rethinking the Quest for Provenance.” Antiquity 70: 168-174.
Muhly, J. D. 1985b. “Lead Isotope Analysis and the Problem of Lead in Copper.” Report of the Department of Antiquities, Cyprus 1985: 78-82.
Muhly, J. D. 1995. “Lead Isotope Analysis and the Archaeologist.” Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology. Vol. 8, No. 1. pp.54-58.
Pernicka, E. 1995. “Crisis or Catharsis in Lead Isotope Analysis?” Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology. Vol. 8, No. 1. pp.59-64.
Pollard, A. M. and C. Heron. 1996. Archaeological Chemistry. Cambridge.
Weeks, R. L. 2003. “Lead Isotope Analysis in Archaeology.” Early Metallurgy of the Persian Gulf. Boston. pp. 129-144.
Review:
Stos-Gale, Sophie. “Trade in metals in the Bronze Age Mediterranean: an overview of Lead Isotope data for provenance studies.” in Pare, C. F. E. 2000. Metals make the world go round: the supply and circulation of metals in Bronze Age Europe : proceedings of a conference held at the University of Birmingham in June 1997. Oxford: Oxbow. pp. 56-64.
WEEK 6
Lecture: Mesopotamia
Lab: Canceled to make up for field trip to Hopewell historical iron foundry on Saturday
Due: Designs for final Project Object
WEEK 7
Lecture: Egypt
Lab: First trip to Haverford Foundry– Introduction, Safety, Begin Wax
WEEK 8
Lecture: Anatolia
Lab: Second trip to Haverford Foundry–Wax
Readings:
Gale, N. H., Z. A. Stos-Gale, et. al., “Alloy Types and Copper Sources of Anatolian Copper Alloy Artifacts,” Anatolian Studies, Vol. 35 (1985), pp. 143-173.
Yener, Aslihan K. and Pamela B. Vandiver, “Tin Processing at Göltepe, an Early Bronze Age Site in Anatolia,” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 97, No. 2 (Apr 1993) pp. 207-238.
Muhly, J. D., “Early Bronze Age Tin and the Taurus,” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 97, No. 2 (Apr 1993) pp. 239-253.
Yener, Aslihan K., Pamela B. Vandriver et al., “Reply to J. D. Muhly Early Bronze Age Tin and the Taurus,” American Journal of Archaeology, Vol. 97, No. 2. (Apr 1993) pp 255-264.
Further Reading:
de Jesus, Prentiss S. 1980. The Development of Prehistoric Mining and Metallurgy in Anatolia. Oxford: B.A.R.
Yener, A. 1996. “A Brief Survey of Anatolian Metallurgy prior to 500 BC,” in S. Demirci, A. M. Özer, and G.D. Summers, eds., Archaeometry 94. Proceedings of the 29th International Symposium on Archaeometry, Ankara, 9-14 May 1994, pp. 375-91, Ankara.
WEEK 9
Lecture: Greece
Lab: Third trip to Haverford Foundry–Finish wax (and begin investments?)
Readings:
Renfrew C., and E. A. Slater. 2003. “Metal Artifacts and Metallurgy”. In Prehistoric Sitagroi: Excavations in Northeast Greece, 1968-1970. Volume 2: The Final Report, edited by E.S. Elster, and C. Renfrew, 301-324. Los Angeles.
McGeehan-Liritzis, V., and N. H. Gale. 1988. “Chemical and Lead Isotope Analyses of Greek Late Neolithic and Early Bronze Age Metals.” Archaeometry 30(2): 199- 225
Pernicka, E., E. Eibner, O. Öztunalı, and G.A. Wagner 2003. “Early Bronze Age Metallurgy in the North-East Aegean.” In Troia and the Troad: Scientific Approaches, edited by G.A. Wagner, E. Pernicka, and H. P Uerpmann, 143-172. Berlin, Heidelbeg
Further Reading:
Mangou, H, and P. V. Ioannou 1997. “On the chemical composition of prehistoric Greek copper based artefacts from the Aegean region,” BSA 92: 59-72
Mangou, H. and P. V. Ioannou 1998. “On the chemical composition of prehistoric Greek copper based artefacts from Crete,” BSA 93: 91-102
Mangou, H. and P. V. Ioannou 1999. “On the chemical composition of prehistoric Greek copper based artefacts from mainland Greece,” BSA 94: 81-100
WEEK 10
Lecture: Cyprus
Lab: Fourth trip to Haverford Foundry–Investments
Readings:
Webb, J. M., D. Frankel, Z. A. Stos-Gale, and N. Gale. 2006. “Early Bronze Age Metal Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean. New Compositional and Lead Isotope Evidence from Cyprus”
Balthazar, J. W. 1990. ‘Copper and Bronze Working in Early through Middle Bronze Age Cyprus’ and Swiny, S. 2003. “The Metal.” In Sotira Kaminoudhia. An Early Bronze Age Site in Cyprus.
CASTING BETWEEN WEEK 10 and WEEK 11
WEEK 11
Lecture: Syria, Palestine, Arabia
Lab: Fifth trip to Haverford Foundry–Open Investments and Clean off Bronzes
WEEK 12
Lecture: Trade & Shipwrecks
Lab: Sixth trip to Haverford Foundry–Finish Cleaning off Bronzes, Filing, etc.
Reading:
Bass, G. F. “The Ingots” in Bass, G. F. 1967. “Cape Gelidonya: A Bronze Age Shipwreck.” Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 57. Philadelphia. pp. 52-83.
Bass, G. F. “The Bronzes” in Bass, G. F. 1967. “Cape Gelidonya: A Bronze Age Shipwreck.” Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 57. Philadelphia. pp. 84-121.
Bass, G. F. 1991. “Evidence of Trade from Bronze Age Shipwrecks.” in Bronze Age Trade in the Mediterranean, edited by N.H. Gale. Oxford. pp.69-82.
Muhly, J. D., T. S. Wheeler and R. Maddin. 1977. “The Cape Gelidonya Shipwreck and the Bronze Age Metals Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean.” Journal of Field Archaeology, Vol. 4, No. 3. pp. 353-362.
WEEK 13
Lecture: The Transition to Iron
Lab: Final trip to Haverford Foundry–Finishing Touches and Treatments
Reading:
Snodgrass, A.M. 1980. Iron and Early Metallurgy in the Mediterranean. Wertime, T., and J.D. Muhly, eds., The Coming of the Age of Iron. Yale University Press, New Haven and London. p. 335-374.
Ünsal Yalçın “Early Iron Metallurgy in Anatolia,” Anatolian Studies, Vol. 49, Anatolian Iron Ages 4. Proceedings of the Fourth Anatolian Iron Ages Colloquium Held at Mersin, 19-23 May 1997 (1999), pp. 177-187
Waldbaum, J. 1999. “The coming of iron in the eastern Mediterranean,” in V. Pigott, ed. The Archaeometallurgy of the Asian Old World. MASCA Research Papers in Science and Archaeology, 16pp. 25-57. Philadelphia: University Museum.
Due: Final Paper and Object
